【英语中国】中国成年人糖尿病患病率已高于美国

China is now home to the world's largest diabetes population. The number of people who have diabetes or early signs of the disease is greater than the entire population of the U.S.

An estimated 113.9 million Chinese adults 18 years or older--60.5 million men and 53.4 million women--may have had diabetes in 2010, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, which surveyed nearly 99,000 Chinese adults three years ago. The study said that in 2010, 493.4 million Chinese may have had prediabetes, a state of potential risk, when blood sugar is higher than normal.

The findings are alarming, signaling that China is facing a major public health problem, the study said. 'These data suggest that diabetes may have reached an alert level in the Chinese general population, with the potential for a major epidemic of diabetes-related complications, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease in China in the near future without an effective national intervention,' the report said.

Chinese are developing the disease at a lower body mass index, or earlier onset, than their U.S. counterparts, according to the study. It also found that diabetes is more common in cities and among overweight people who are young or middle aged.

The last decade has brought greater wealth to a country of 1.34 billion, but with fatter wallets has come drastic changes in lifestyle, including diet and migration to cities, that have put the population's health at peril. Major causes of death have shifted from infectious diseases and diet-related deficiencies to hypertension and obesity and now more than 260 million of the country's citizens suffer from a chronic disease, according to data from China's Ministry of Health.

Prevalence of diabetes reached 11.6% of adults, with men having a higher rate 12.1% than women, at 11%, the study said. That surpasses the 2007 rate of 9.7%, or 92.4 million adults, according to an earlier study from the Journal. It also exceeds the 11.3% prevalence of diabetes in adults over the age of 20 in the U.S., according to data from the American Diabetes Association.

There are questions about how China's health-care system will hold up with the increased burden. Already, more than 80% of China's government spending on health care goes to covering the cost of the country's chronic diseases, according data from the World Health Organization. Less than 2% is allocated toward primary prevention, according to the WHO.

An estimated 30% of Chinese with diabetes are aware of their condition, the study said.

目前中国是全球糖尿病患者人数最多的国家。中国糖尿病患者和有早期症状的人数已经超过美国的总人口数量。

据《美国医学会杂志》(Journal of the American Medical Association)公布的一份研究报告显示，2010年估计有1.139亿年龄在18岁及以上的中国成人（其中包括6,050万男性和5,340万女性）可能已患有糖尿病。该杂志在三年前对近9.9万中国人进行了调查。研究报告称，2010年可能有4.934亿中国人已经患有前驱糖尿病，前驱糖尿病患者血糖高于正常水平，有患上糖尿病的潜在风险。

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周三，在北京一家糖尿病医院，一名患糖尿病的男子走进病房。2010年，中国有将近12%的成年人患有糖尿病。报告称，调查结果令人担忧，这暗示中国正在面临一个重要的公众健康问题。报告称，这些数据显示出，中国总人口中的糖尿病患者数量可能已经达到一个警戒水平，未来如果未能进行有效的国家干预，那么包括心血管疾病、中风和慢性肾病在内的糖尿病相关并发症有可能会在中国成为流行病。

报告称，中国糖尿病患者的身体质量指数低于美国人，或者说比美国人较早发病。报告还发现，糖尿病在中国城市和中青年超重人群中比较常见。

过去10年，这个13.4亿人口大国实现财富增长，但随着钱包越来越鼓，中国人的生活方式发生巨大变化，包括饮食变化和向城市迁移，这也令中国人的健康面临风险。据中国卫生部的数据显示，主要死亡原因已经从传染性疾病和营养不良变为高血压和肥胖症，目前超过2.6亿的中国人患有慢性病。

报告称，中国成年人糖尿病患病率已达11.6%，男性患病率高于女性，分别为12.1%和11%。据该杂志更早以前的研究报告称，2007年中国成年人糖尿病患病率为9.7%，人数为9,240万人。据美国糖尿病协会(American Diabetes Association)的数据显示，美国20岁以上成年人的糖尿病患病率为11.3%。

这已引发了有关中国医疗系统如何承受更沉重负担的疑问。据世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)的数据，中国政府的医疗支出已经有超过80%被用于慢性病治疗。世界卫生组织称，用于初级预防的支出不到2%。

报告称，估计有30%的中国糖尿病患者了解他们的病情。