【英语财经】中国将宣布建立全国性碳排放交易体系 China to announce carbon trading plans

China will on Friday announce a national scheme setting a price on greenhouse pollution in 2017, a move likely to affect businesses around the world.

The plan for a cap-and-trade system ?President Xi Jinping is due to unveil in Washington should see China create the world’s largest carbon market, dwarfing the EU’s 10-year-old emissions trading scheme.

The officials said China would set a start date of 2017 for an already planned national carbon trading rollout, and make commitments to prioritise renewable power, curb greenhouse gas emissions from heavy vehicles and limit public investment in polluting projects.

The initiatives are designed to help China meet a goal of ensuring its emissions peak around 2030, a target set in a landmark bilateral deal with the US last November.

“This year is about showing the world our countries’ conviction to implement policies to reach those targets and to lead the world toward a durable global climate agreement,” said a senior official in Barack Obama’s administration.

China has seven pilot local emissions trading schemes and had planned a national rollout by 2016. However, difficulties integrating the local schemes and lack of transparency over their quota allocations and trading prices had led experts to believe the national plan could be pushed back as far as 2020.

“This [carbon trading] announcement reflects a serious commitment on China’s part to put in place an important national tool to control emissions,” said the administration official.

The senior administration official said the Chinese emissions trading system would cover sectors that produce a “substantial percentage” of the country’s greenhouse gas pollution — including power generation, iron and steel, chemicals, cement and paper making.

中国将于周五宣布在2017年建立一套全国性的温室气体排放定价体系，此举很可能会影响到世界各地的企业。

中国国家主席习近平将在华盛顿宣布建立这一“限量及交易”体系的计划。按照该计划，中国应该会建立起一个全球最大的碳市场，令欧盟创立的已有10年之久的碳排放交易体系相形见绌。

政府官员表示，中国将从2017年开始推出已在计划中的全国性碳排放交易体系，并承诺重点发展可再生能源、限制重型车辆的温室气体排放以及控制对污染项目的公共投资。

这些计划旨在帮助中国实现让本国碳排放在2030年左右见顶的目标，这一目标是在去年11月中美签订的一项具有里程碑意义的双边协议中确定的。

巴拉克?奥巴马(Barack Obama)政府的一位高官表示：“今年，我们将向世界展示我们的信念：落实政策完成这些目标，并引领世界达成一项持久的全球气候协议。”

中国已在全国设立7个碳排放交易试点，还曾计划到2016年时推广到全国。然而，在整合各地试点计划方面遭遇的困难以及在配额分配和交易价格方面的不透明曾让专家们认为，全国性的计划可能要一直要拖到2020年才会推出。

奥巴马政府官员表示：“这一（碳排放交易）声明反映出中方对出台一个重要的全国性措施来控制排放的郑重承诺。”

这位高官表示，中国的碳排放交易体系将涵盖那些温室气体排放在全国总排放量中“占比很高”的行业，包括发电、钢铁、化工、水泥和造纸行业。

译者/梁艳裳