【英语国际】智利矿工目前健康状况良好

The miners rescued so far appear to be in better physical health than expected, local authorities said. But the full effects of the trauma they endured may only hit weeks or months from now as they try to readjust to normal life in society.

'Given the size of this group, it's almost a guarantee that we're going to see cases of post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disturbances and clinical depression,' said Sheryl Bishop, a social psychologist and expert in survival in extreme conditions at University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Texas. 'They may look fine now, but they could have flashbacks and nightmares six months from now or even later.'

Chile's health minister, Jaime Manalich, said the miners' physical ailments were the same ones the men had described before the rescue began. Two men will undergo major oral surgery for teeth infections or abscesses. Another miner who is recovering from acute pneumonia suffers from a lung disease common among miners called silicosis and came up with a special oxygen mask as a precaution, wire services reported.

'I have to humbly admit that the miners' health is more than satisfactory,' Dr. Manalich said.

The miners' remarkable feat of surviving as long as they did was probably buttressed by the initial decision of a few individuals to quickly take on leadership roles.

That likely helped to make the group cohesive and stable -- and gave them hope.

Later, when they knew that help was on the way, the trapped miners probably benefited from having to take on a vital task crucial to their rescue: clearing debris so that the rescue shaft could be drilled.

'It gave them something concrete to do, and that gave them the psychological stamina to endure the wait' Dr. Bishop said.

The medical team at the mine site and field hospital included five doctors; one is a specialist in submarine medicine.

智利当地官员说，被救出的矿工目前的身体状况看起来比预期要好。但随着他们重新调整进入社会正常生活，此次事故造成的创伤影响可能要到几周或几个月后才会全部出现。

美国德克萨斯大学医学部（University of Texas Medical Branch）极端环境生存专家、社会心理学家毕晓普（Sheryl Bishop）说，考虑到他们人数较多，几乎可以肯定，他们中将有人会出现创伤后精神失调、睡眠障碍和临床抑郁症等症状，他们现在也许看起来状况良好，但可能在6个月或更长时间以后出现幻觉重现或做恶梦。

智利卫生部长马尼亚利奇（Jaime Manalich）说，这些矿工的身体病痛与他们在救援行动开始前描述的一样。其中两位矿工因牙齿感染或脓肿将需要做口腔手术。据多家通讯社报道说，另外一位矿工患了急性肺炎，正在康复。他得了一种矿工身上常见的硅肺病，升井时佩戴了一个特制氧气面罩防止传染。

马尼亚利奇说，我必须坦率地承认，矿工们的健康相当令人满意。

矿工们能够惊人地在地下存活了这么长时间，可能与最开始几位矿工迅速担任领导角色有关。

这可能促使了这些矿工的团结和稳定，并给了他们希望。

接着，当他们知道救援行动正在准备中，这些受困矿工可能得益于必须承担对营救至关重要的任务：清扫废墟以打通救援通道。

毕晓普说，这让他们有事可做，让他们有了忍受漫长等待的毅力。

现场的医疗小组和野战医院包括五名医生，其中一位是水下医疗专家。