【英语国际】朝鲜加强反韩宣传攻势

North Korea's state media have stepped up an anti-South Korea campaign after being accused of sinking a South Korean warship, with reports repeatedly portraying angry citizens vowing to work harder to 'get back' at the South.

The reports over the past two weeks have dominated TV newscasts monitored in Seoul and appeared in newspapers that arrive in South Korea more than a week after publication.

The volume ramped up when Seoul on May 24 announced penalties, including a trade ban, against the North, which it blames for sinking a warship in March and killing 46 South Korean sailors.

Amid the heightened tension between the two Koreas, the North's reports aren't focused on the prospect of conflict but instead seek to connect its government's anger at Seoul with the need to improve the North's impoverished economy.

That shows the North Korean regime has latched onto the sinking incident not just to preach about perceived external threats but also as a new way to shift responsibility for the country's troubled economy away from itself, said Brian Myers, an American professor in South Korea who has studied the North's propaganda operations since the early 1990s.

'They're using hatred of the outside world to inspire people to work harder,' he said. 'The extent of it is quite striking.'

In a typical example of the reporting, Kim Myung Ho, manager of a collective farm, said on a state TV newscast on June 4 that workers now 'dash to work in the mindset of destroying the enemy's schemes by doing the work of two or three men. As a result, the speed of rice planting is getting better every day.'

Since South Korea in late 2007 elected conservative Lee Myung-bak as president, who tied economic aid from the South to denuclearization by the North, the North's propaganda apparatus has routinely criticized Mr. Lee the leader of a 'group of traitors' to the North's goal of unifying the Korea's under Pyongyang's control.

Last week, some North Korean media reports urged South Koreans to vote against Mr. Lee's ruling political party in local and provincial elections.

At least one North Korean newspaper praised the election's outcome, which tilted in favor of opposition parties.

The reporting underlines the view in the North Korean regime that economic growth isn't an end in itself but a means to strengthen the country, he said.

Many of the workers portrayed in North Korean media over the past two weeks directed their criticism at Mr. Lee, often in the same words used by government statements, and said their anger at him inspired them to work harder.

'We will churn out as much steel as possible in the spirit of tossing the Lee Myung-bak group of traitors in a warmongering frenzy into the burning furnace,' Ri Myung Nam, a worker at a steel factory said on a TV newscast on June 3.

On Monday, another TV report showed soldiers at a construction project who, an anchorwoman said, were 'flaming with hatred' against 'Lee's group of traitors.'

'Enraged by traitor Lee Myung-bak, we sped up our work,' soldier Kim Nam Il said in the report, adding his group last month achieved 150% of its goal, which was unspecified. 'We will keep speeding up and mercilessly knock out their plot.'

在韩国指责朝鲜炸沉其军舰之后，朝鲜官方媒体开始加强反韩攻势，报道中反复出现愤怒群众的形象，他们誓言要努力工作以报复韩国。

这些报道在过去两周已占据了首尔方面监视的朝鲜电视新闻广播的主要内容，在出版一周多后才抵达韩国的报纸上也出现了这些内容。

韩国指责朝鲜应为3月份导致46名韩国海员死亡的韩国军舰沉船事件负责，并于5月24日宣布了贸易禁令等惩罚措施。在此之后，朝鲜的此类报道数量大增。

面对朝韩关系日趋紧张的形势，朝鲜报道并未针对冲突的可能性，相反却试图把朝鲜政府对韩国的愤怒与改善朝鲜穷困经济的需要联系在一起。

现居韩国的美国教授迈尔斯(Brian Myers)说，这显示出朝鲜政权开始充分利用沉船事件，不仅籍此宣传臆想的外部威胁，还将其作为一个新的途径，以试图转嫁其自身应对朝鲜经济陷入困境所担负的责任。迈尔斯自上世纪90年代初开始研究朝鲜的宣传攻势。

他说，他们正利用对外界的仇恨激励民众更努力工作，其程度相当令人震惊。

在一篇典型的此类报道中，集体农场管理者金明何(Kim Myung Ho)于6月4日在官方电视新闻中说，工人们现在加紧工作，每个人都干两三个人的活，从而粉碎敌人的阴谋。结果，种稻的速度每天都在加快。

韩国总统李明博(Lee Myung-bak)提出把韩国对朝鲜的经济援助与朝鲜放弃核武器联系在一起。自2007年底这位保守派政客当选总统以来，朝鲜宣传机关经常指责李明博是卖国集团的领导人，朝鲜的目的是在平壤当局的控制下统一朝鲜半岛。

上周，部分朝鲜媒体报道力劝韩国人在地方和省级选举中投票反对当前执政的李明博的政党。

选举结果对韩国反对党有利。至少一家朝鲜报纸对这一结果表示称赞。

迈尔斯说，报道强调了朝鲜政权的观点，称经济增长并不是目标本身，而是实现国家富强的一种手段。

过去两周朝鲜媒体报道的许多工人形象均把批判的矛头指向李明博，言辞经常与国家声明完全一致，并说对他的愤怒激励着他们更加努力地工作。

6月3日的新闻报道中，钢铁厂工人李明南(Ri Myung Nam)说，我们要本着把战争狂热分子李明博的卖国集团扔进炼钢炉的精神，尽可能地多炼钢铁。

周一，另一个电视节目报道了工地上的士兵。女播音员说，这些战士的心中燃烧着对李明博卖国集团的怒火。

士兵金南一(Kim Nam Il)在报道中说，对卖国者李明博的怒火激励着我们加快工作速度，我们将继续加快速度并无情地粉碎他们的阴谋。他还说上个月他们超额50%完成目标，但未给出具体数字。